Generative AI can be a powerful tool, but please:
Please see the “Citing Generative AI” tab for information on how to cite AI in various citation styles.
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The APA (American Psychological Association) style is usually used in the social sciences, such as psychology.
Remember: It is important to check with your instructor to confirm which citation style they would like you to use.
Useful Links for APA
The Chicago citation style is detailed in The Chicago Manual of Style, 17th edition (2017). It is most often used within the fields of history and business, though occasionally in the humanities.
The Chicago citation style gives you a choice between two systems: the author-date system or the notes-bibliography system.
Remember: It is important to check with your instructor to confirm which citation style they would like you to use.
Print Mannuals
The Chicago Manual of Style by PDF Guides
Useful Links
The MLA (Modern Language Association) style is usually used in the humanities, such as literature, languages, and art. The current version of the style is detailed in the MLA Handbook, 9th edition (2021).
There are no changes between the 8th and 9th editions on how you cite sources.
Remember: It is important to check with your instructor to confirm which citation style they would like you to use.
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MLA Handbook 9th Edition by 
MLA Handbook 8th Edition by PDF Guides
Useful Links
The ACS (American Chemical Society) style is often used in chemistry and physics when citing sources. The ACS Style Guide: Effective Communication of Scientific Communication, 3rd edition (2006) provides the details of this style.
Remember: It is important to check with your instructor to confirm which citation style they would like you to use.
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PDF Guides
Useful Links
The CSE (Council of Science Editors) style is commonly used for citing sources in the sciences. Scientific Style and Format: The CSE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers, 8th edition (2014), offers three systems for citations: name-year, citation-sequence, and citation-name.
Remember: It is important to check with your instructor to confirm which citation style they would like you to use.
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Scientific Style and Format by PDF Guides
Useful Links
The ASA format is detailed in American Sociological Association Style Guide​, 5th edition (2014). It is most often used within the field sociology.
Remember: It is important to check with your instructor to confirm which citation style they would like you to use.
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6th Edition Information
5th Edition Information
American Sociological Association Style Guide by Except where otherwise noted, content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0.
